Skin prick test results of allergic rhinitis and asthma patients in Kırıkkale: 5-year analysis

Abstract

Aim: It is aimed to contribute to preventive measures by determining the distribution of allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis and asthma in Kırıkkale and to contribute to the creation of the allergy map of our country.

Materials and Methods: The files of patients who underwent skin prick test at Kırıkkale Yüksek İhtisas Hospital between 2018 and 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.

Results: A total of 6,056 people, 4,464 (73.7%) women and 1,592 (26.3%) men, were applied skin prick test within 5 years. Of the test results, 3,454 (57%) were positive and 2,602 (43%) were negative. While 622 (10.3%) of 3,454 positive patients were sensitive to a single allergen, 2,832 (46.8%) were sensitive to multiple allergens. The most common positivity rate in the skin prick test is Blattella germanica (cockroach) (24.2%), Dermatophagoides (D.) Farinae (house dust mite) (21.9%), herb mixture (plant grass, wormwood, buckwheat, sticky grass) (weed pollen) (19%) and D. Pteronyssinus (house dust mite) (18.4%) was found. When the pollens were examined collectively rather than individually (test 5 willow pollen 10.7%, test 6 cereal pollen 17.8%, test 7 poplar pollen 14.0%), it was determined as 42.5%. House dust mites D. Farinae and D. Pteronyssinus together were determined to be 40.3% allergen positive.

Conclusion: It was determined that the most common allergens in Kırıkkale province were cockroaches, pollen and house dust mites.