Diagnostic and prognostic utility of systemic inflammation indices in cervical dysplasia

Abstract

Aim: This study investigated the diagnostic and prognostic potential of the Systemic Immune Inflammation Index (SII), Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), and Platelet Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) in cervical dysplasia, evaluating their correlation with disease presence and severity for potential clinical applications in risk assessment and patient management.

Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, the SII, NLR, and PLR values were analyzed using parameters obtained from the routine complete blood count of 215 patients whose cervical dysplasia grades were evaluated through colposcopic biopsy.

Results: HPV DNA types 16 and 18 were detected in 114 (53.0%) of 215 patients, while 101 (47.0%) tested positive for non-16/18 hr-HPV DNA types. No statistically significant differences were observed in WBC, neutrophil, platelet, lymphocyte, SII, NLR, and PLR values across the chronic cervicitis, LSIL (low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion), and HSIL (high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion) groups (p < 0.05). However, logistic regression analysis for HSIL risk identified lymphocyte count (OR = 0.998) and PLR (OR = 0.975) as significant predictors, where a one-unit increase in each was associated with a 0.2% and 2.5% decrease in the odds of HSIL, respectively.

Conclusion: SII, NLR, and PLR values in diagnosing or grading the presence or severity of cervical dysplasia, indicating that these systemic inflammatory markers alone may have limited value as diagnostic or prognostic tools. Further validation through larger prospective studies is warranted to more comprehensively elucidate the role of these markers.